{"id":25548,"date":"2017-07-09T10:14:14","date_gmt":"2017-07-09T07:14:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tbeeb.net\/health\/?p=25548"},"modified":"2020-01-28T20:34:42","modified_gmt":"2020-01-28T17:34:42","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-fungi-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%af%d9%85%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tbeeb.net\/health\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-fungi-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%af%d9%85%d8%a9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a Fungi | \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a FUNGI (\u0648\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0637\u0631) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 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\u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a Fungi Kingdom.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 Eucaryotic (\u0623\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u0649 membrane Nuclear) \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 Procaryotic \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 Bacteria \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f Poly-phylatic \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 1998 Champion et al \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a) \u0627\u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0644 Chlorophyll \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u0649 Photosynthesis \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0647 Autotrophic \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629.Heterotrophic<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0649 \u062d\u0649 \u0627\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 Absorptive nutrition \u0627\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u062c\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0647 Substrate \u0641\u062a\u0641\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u062c\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 Cell wall \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0649 membrane Cellular \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0649\u0621 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0649 Omnivorous (\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0649\u0621) \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0649 Alexopoulos 1996 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0644\u0633 Aspergillus sp \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 Penicillium sp \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0649\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062d (Griffin 1994).<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629 Saprobes or Saprophyte \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 Parasite \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 Biotrophs or Obligate \u0627\u0648\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 Facultative \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0629 Mutualistic or Symbiosis \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0632\u0627 Mycorrhiza\u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 (\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0647 \u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0648\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0649 \u0627\u0630\u0649 \u0641\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0642\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0629 Predscious fungi \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 Entomogenous fungi.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 Mycoparasites \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a Dermatophytes \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062c\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 Dermatomycosis \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 Systemic mycosis \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 Candida sp.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0621 Rust \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062d\u0645\u0627\u062a Smut \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631 Amorphotheca resinae.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 Aerobes \u0627\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648 Facultatively anaerobic \u0641\u0649 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0649Oxidative respiration.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0633\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 Micr-organism (\u0623\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629) \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a Microns (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646 1\/10000\u0633\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u062b \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 1992 Smith et al \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627 balbosa(A.gallica) Armillaria \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0637\u0631 \u0631\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u0649 \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 Michigan forest \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0647 ((Gould 1992 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 30 \u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631 10 \u0627\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 1500\u0633\u0646\u0629. \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0649Ammerti &amp; Sieddle 2000 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631 Armillaria sp \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 12 \u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631(\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f = 10000 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639)<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0627\u062a Lichens \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 4500 \u0633\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646 Lysine \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0627\u062f\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062f L &amp; adaipic acid Path way.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a (\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647) \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u064a\u062a Cell wall \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u064a Cellular membrane \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0644 Setrol \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0644 Ergosterol\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644 Cholesterol.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0633 Micro-tubules \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0646.Tubulin<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a Decomposers \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629 Saprobes\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0648 Hawksworth 1991 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0649 Ammerti &amp; Sieddle 2000 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 2000 British Encyclopedia) \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 Champion et al \u2013 1998 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 250 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0641\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0647 Immunocomporomised patients, Immunosuppressed patients \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u0649 Mycoprotein. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0628Mushroom \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0623 Truffles \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 Yeast \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0641\u062e\u0629 Baffballs \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646 Mbolds \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a Mildews.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0637 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629Slime mold \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0630\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0637\u0631\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a, \u0641\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 1991Bruns et al \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 True fungi \u0648 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631Fungi \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 fungi \u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.Slime mold<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0630\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633 Thalus \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0649 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a Somatic phase, soma \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 Spores.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 Yeast \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646 Mold \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646) \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 Dimorphic.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 Yeast<\/h2>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0647 Ascomycota Phylum \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639\u0645 Budding \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637Simple Fission \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0633\u0648\u0644\u0629 Capsule \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628 Pseudomycelium \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628 Pseudomycelium \u0648\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629 Pseudohypha.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633<\/p>\n<p>1- \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0633\u0648\u0644\u0647 Capsule<\/p>\n<p>2- \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0647<\/p>\n<p>3- \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0645 Conidiogenesis<\/p>\n<p>4- \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 Pseudohyphae or True hyphae<\/p>\n<p>5- \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0647<\/p>\n<p>6- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646 Mold<\/h2>\n<p>\u0648 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 Protoplasm \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 2-30 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a Hyphae (Sig. Hypha) \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 Mycelium (Pl. Mycelia) \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0642\u0645\u064a\u0627 Apical growth \u0627\u0649 \u0641\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 30 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632(Sin. Septum) Speta \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u062a ((Appartment \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645 Septate mycelium \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645 Coenocetic or Aseptate mycelium.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 ((Autotrophic \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 (Heterotrophic) \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a Cell wall \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 Complex Vascular system\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 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\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631Yeast \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0641\u0646Mold \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 (Transparent, Tubular) \u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a Hyphae(sing. Hypha) \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 Mycelium \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 Septa \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645 Septa Mycelium \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645 Aseptate Mycelium \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b Sexual \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0650Asexual \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u063a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a.Spores<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a Cell wall\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u064a Cellular membrane \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646 Lysine \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0627\u062f\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062f L &amp; adaipic acid Path way.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0631 &amp; \u0648\u0628\u0631 2007 Webester &amp; Weber \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0643\u062f \u0648\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0631 &amp; \u0648\u0628\u0631 2007 Webester &amp; Weber \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0647\u0649:<\/p>\n<p>1- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0647 Nutrition \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0644 Chlorophyll \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0630\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 Autotraphic \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0647 Heterotrophic \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0630\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0647Absorption<\/p>\n<p>2- \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u0649 Vegetative stste \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631Yeast \u0627\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a Hyphae \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u0649 Mycelium \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646 Mold<\/p>\n<p>3- \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0647 Cell wall \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 Chitin \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 Glucans \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0632 Celulose \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0647 Oomycota<\/p>\n<p>4- \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 Nuclear status \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 Eucaryotic \u0627\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0648\u0648\u0649 Nuclear membrane \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629<\/p>\n<p>5- \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629Life cycle \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>6- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631 Reproduction \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u062a Spores<\/p>\n<p>7- \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0647 Propagles \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u062a Spores<\/p>\n<p>8- \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0645 Sorocarps \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645<\/p>\n<p>9- \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 Habitate \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0630\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062c\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<p>10- \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0647 Ecology\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>11- \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062aDistribution \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0649\u0621 \u0648\u0641\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0649\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0630\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 Cosmopolita<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a Fungal Morphology<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633 Thallus \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 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\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627, \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621\u0649 , \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 Temperature,\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 PH,\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 Co2 concentration \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0644 compound Sulf hydryl \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 Cystine<\/p>\n<p>\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0647 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\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062c\u0633\u0627 \u0645 \u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0645 Sclerotium \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0647Mycelia sterilia.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 Holocarpic \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631Eucarpic \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a (Sing. hypha) hyphae \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645Mycelium.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0637 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 Cell wall \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 Chitin \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0627 (Sing. Septum) Septa \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629Uninuclate \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 Multinuclate \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645 Septate mycelium \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0641\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645 A Septate mycelium (\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u06451). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 Glycogen.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 Plectoenchyma \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0643\u0643 Loosly \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 Prosenchyma \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a Stroma \u0623\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0635 Compact\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 Pseudoparenchymam \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 Sclerotium.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a Soma, Somatic phase, Vegetative and Thallus<\/h2>\n<p>\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u064aVegetative \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633 Thallus \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 Reproductive unites \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627:-<\/p>\n<p>1. \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 One cell \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631Yeast. (\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u06451)<\/p>\n<p>2. \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631Rhizoides \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>3. \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 Plasmodium(\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629Slime mold.<\/p>\n<p>4. \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0630 \u0628 Pseudo plasmodium \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a Amoeba(\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 Slime mold.<\/p>\n<p>5. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645 Septate mycelium \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 (\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0627 Seta).<\/p>\n<p>6. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645 A Septate mycelium \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632.<\/p>\n<p>7. \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628 Psedo mycedum \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>8. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644Dimorphic \u0627\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>9. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u0649Polymorphic \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 Candida sp \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0647 Pseudohyphae<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a FUNGI (\u0648\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0637\u0631) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 Mushroom \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0647).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[310],"class_list":["post-25548","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general_health","tag-__"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tbeeb.net\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25548","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tbeeb.net\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tbeeb.net\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tbeeb.net\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tbeeb.net\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25548"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.tbeeb.net\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25548\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tbeeb.net\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25548"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tbeeb.net\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25548"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tbeeb.net\/health\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25548"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}